Index to the Archie C. Allen Interview, Veterans History Project Collection

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001

Introduction

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Full name: Archie Clayton Allen

E.M.

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Full name: Elizabeth Sophronia Martin Allen, Sophronia was her paternal grandmother’s name

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053

Place of birth: Spiegner, AL in Elmore Co., at the time it was a “Railroad Station”

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062

Father’s information: Archie Clayton Allen, Sr., was a part time station manager and telegraph operator.

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067

Siblings: One younger brother, born 1924, Leonard Allen. Leonard was also WWII veteran, drafted while in Auburn University to study Agricultural Engineering. Tells joke about how Leonard travelled from N. Africa to Germany on foot during service.

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091

Mr. Allen’s Date of Birth: May 8, 1918

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Parents: Father: A.C. Allen, Sr. and Mother: Mary Richardson Allen, both from Elmore County

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103

Childhood: Father operated a country store and Mr. Allen attended Holtville High School all 12 years

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108

College: Mr. Allen graduated Holtville in 1936 and entered Auburn University but always envisioned flying airplanes. Navy would give him that opportunity.

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119

Field of Study while at Auburn: Agricultural education to become a vocational agriculture teacher. Ag. was the thing to do at the time because farming was important.

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125

Preparation for agriculture during high school: Holtville High Agricultural program was world renowned and prepared him well. In shop he learned to make tools and adjust machinery and equipment. Used welding and hand tools but few power tools, also fashioned tools and handles.

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162

Other things produced from shop: included metalwork, building trailers and truck bodies for hauling produce or cotton, called the “Hoover Wagon”. Everybody was poor coming off the depression so they would take the body off a car, make a wood frame and hitch mules to it. The school would make these and sell or give to local farmers.

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192

How the Depression affected the community: the Holtville campus had community services, canning plant, freezing plant, woodworking and furniture shop to provide services and trade locally. Very unusual and drew nationwide interest. Skills acquired by students very useful.

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Size of community served: approximately 600 students in school, people would travel 12-15 miles for campus services, if able. People would do their own canning but use facility and trained people to help them.

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240

Attention from Holtville service program: People came from Hollywood to make a movie, also a book and magazine coverage.

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243

A.C. Allen Sr.’s store is pictured in the Life Magazine article. Pictures show people bringing mules and such.

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250

Community affected by war preparations: Prior to Dec. 7, 1941 people just adjusting to idea of being at war.

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256

Joining Navy: On the morning of December 7, 1941 Mr. Allen hitch hiked from Auburn to Opelika to the Naval Recruiting Office to join the Naval Air Cadet Program

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261

Marines: There was an option upon completion of the Naval Cadet program to enter the Marines and Mr. Allen says he “fell for the hoopla”. After flight training in Jacksonville, FL, he went to Pensacola, FL as a flight instructor

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Assignment in Pensacola: For the flight training for Cadets, Mr. Allen taught various maneuvers in two seater S2V ‘Stationary Landing Gear Variable Pitch Propeller’ aircraft.

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301

Skills acquired by cadets: Program not based on completion of hours, but the completion of various activities such as takeoff, gaining altitude, turns, rolls, etc. It was just basic flight training.

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313

Flying with the cadet: Flew with each one, he was in back and the student in front. Could not physically touch but there was a gasport which was a row of holes with a mouthpiece to communicate.

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319

One of A.C.’s students was Ted Williams the baseball player and he was a very good student.

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Williams as a student: Mr. Allen actually gave Mr. Williams a check ride which was a system to check the competency for both the students and the instructors.

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336

Time as flight instructor: Approximately 1942 to 1945 Mr. Allen was a flight instructor as a basic trainer of small aircraft and practiced unit formation flying, like a small version of the Blue Angels.

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352

Student washout: Most students were without skills upon entry and there were many washouts. Those students could go on as navigators or otherwise cut out of flight program and sent back to Bureau of the Navy.

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367

Other Assignments: Bureau of Naval Personnel sent Mr. Allen overseas because the need for new pilots had decreased.

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372

Training for combat: Mr. Allen was sent to various stations to get additional training as a fighter pilot including Columbia, South Carolina and Miramar, California where he had to learn ground survival training.

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Physical basic training: This training was necessary because they were ‘soft’ and it was a ‘rude shock’ at Camp Pendleton. Mr. Allen talks about the difference between basic training here and earlier as a Naval Cadet.

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398

Deployment: Spent first night of deployment on Johnson Island, ‘about halfway to China’.

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Johnson Island: The island was about the size of a baseball field, big enough for the DC 8 with cargo and replacement pilots he was on from Pearl Harbor. Mr. Allen tells story about landing on the tiny island.

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039

Next station: The next landing was at Manis Island before arriving at the Philippines where he reported to the 1st Marine Air Wing in Spring of 1945.

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071

Aircraft flown: F4U’s were flown in Philippines and tells story about the model of this plane given to him by a man who served in Vietnam.

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097

Description of plane: Problem with long 3 blade propellers that if you braked too hard they fell forward and these were later improved to a short 4 blade. These were also single seaters and you had to know how to fly, could not be trained in them.

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Other problems: This aircraft also had a tendency to roll in the air so a wooden piece called a spoiler was fashioned to go on the edge of a wing for balance. These spoilers were manufactured in Dothan at Hedstrom.

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Missions: Flew in the 31st Flying Corsairs for Napalm and Rockets support in the Philippines. Received Combat Air Medal with 2 stars. He dropped Napalm and Rockets, also used Machine guns.

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Maneuverability and range: Aircraft was 13,000 pounds with full 300 gallon fuel tank. At slowest rate the fuel consumption was 45 gallons per hour and at fastest speed, the rate was 50 gallons per hour

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Air Medal Received: This medal was received for general service of more than twenty combat missions. “If you can get back, you get a medal”.

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Most exciting mission: Mr. Allen went into a dive not knowing anyone was on the ground and received enemy fire that resulted in 81 holes along his aircraft.

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Other aircraft: Mr. Allen discusses the differences between the Corsairs and the P47 in combat along with the differing engine capabilities.

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Other missions: Mr. Allen flew in approximately 110 total missions. He discusses how the Army Air Corp. and the P51s virtually wiped out enemy aircraft so that he did not participate in any dogfights.

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After the Atom bomb was dropped: They all thought the war was over with and they took off from the northern tip of the Philippines, but instead of flying home, they flew to Okinawa, then to Beijing to patrol the Manchurian border to protect Chang Kai Shek from the communists. They stayed here for about a year.

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End of Duty: Mr. Allen was discharged in March of 1946. Received discharge and orders home while in China that included an option to stay and climb rank from captain to major, but refused. He took a troop transport by ship rather than plane because he felt that his “luck ran out”.

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Marriage to Elizabeth: After Mr. Allen received his commission he said jokingly to Elizabeth “We’re gonna get married now, put up or shut up”.

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350

Mrs. Allen was teaching at Auburn then and A.C. came down with the mumps prior to their wedding which delayed it about a month. They were married in Auburn on February 23, 1943.

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360

Career after Military Service: Mr. Allen was a vocational educator for disabled veterans for two or three years after his discharge and then returned to Holtville High School as a vocational agriculture teacher, and later became the principal and administrator.

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College Graduation: Mr. Allen actually graduated from Auburn in 1941, but his ceremonies were delayed until he finished service.

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A.C. went back to Auburn on a G.I. Bill ® and received his master’s in administration.

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Return to College: Mr. Allen entered his master’s program after he returned to teaching at Holtville High. He was a part-time commuter student to Auburn and attended classes year-round.